Miner Benjamin G, Sultan Sonia E, Morgan Steven G, Padilla Dianna K, Relyea Rick A
Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA 94923, USA.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2005 Dec;20(12):685-92. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2005.08.002. Epub 2005 Aug 11.
Phenotypic plasticity is widespread in nature, and often involves ecologically relevant behavioral, physiological, morphological and life-historical traits. As a result, plasticity alters numerous interactions between organisms and their abiotic and biotic environments. Although much work on plasticity has focused on its patterns of expression and evolution, researchers are increasingly interested in understanding how plasticity can affect ecological patterns and processes at various levels. Here, we highlight an expanding body of work that examines how plasticity can affect all levels of ecological organization through effects on demographic parameters, direct and indirect species interactions, such as competition, predation, and coexistence, and ultimately carbon and nutrient cycles.
表型可塑性在自然界中广泛存在，并且常常涉及与生态相关的行为、生理、形态和生活史特征。因此，可塑性改变了生物体与其非生物和生物环境之间的众多相互作用。尽管关于可塑性的许多研究都集中在其表达模式和进化上，但研究人员越来越有兴趣了解可塑性如何在各个层面影响生态模式和过程。在这里，我们重点介绍了一系列不断扩展的研究工作，这些工作探讨了可塑性如何通过影响种群统计学参数、直接和间接的物种相互作用（如竞争、捕食和共存），以及最终的碳和养分循环，来影响生态组织的各个层面。
