Battais F, Richard C, Szustakowski G, Denery-Papini S, Moneret-Vautrin D A, Leduc V, Guérin L
Laboratoire Allerbio, Varennes-en-Argonne.
Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006 Feb;38(2):59-61.
Wheat proteins are involved in respiratory allergy, contact allergy and food allergy. Wheat allergens involve in these pathologies are well-known. However, establishment of wheat allergy diagnostic can be sometimes difficult on account of the complex allergenic composition of skin prick test (SPT) solutions of wheat flour. Therefore, we have studied specific IgE reactivity from patient sera with wheat food allergy, and characterized allergenic composition of wheat SPT solutions by specific antibodies directed to wheat allergens. The results showed that 20 of the 25 sera analyzed contained specific IgE to at least one wheat protein fraction. Among positive sera, 75% have specific IgE to water/salt soluble fraction, 85% to native gluten fractions and 65% to wheat isolate fraction. The results showed also that SPT solutions of wheat flour contained major food allergens from each allergenic fraction. These results highlighted the importance of using fractions, which constitute the whole wheat allergenic pattern, during specific IgE reactivity analyses. Moreover, we have observed that wheat isolate extract (results of food industrial process) contained not only modified allergens (neo-allergens) involve of specific food allergy to wheat isolate but also some native allergens involve in wheat food allergy. Thus, these results showed the importance to use, for wheat in vivo diagnosis together wheat SPT solutions (gluten extract and wheat isolate) in order to differentiate wheat food allergy to specific wheat isolate allergy.
小麦蛋白与呼吸道过敏、接触性过敏和食物过敏有关。参与这些病理过程的小麦过敏原是众所周知的。然而，由于小麦面粉皮肤点刺试验（SPT）溶液复杂的过敏原组成，有时很难建立小麦过敏诊断。因此，我们研究了小麦食物过敏患者血清中的特异性IgE反应性，并通过针对小麦过敏原的特异性抗体对小麦SPT溶液的过敏原组成进行了表征。结果显示，在分析的25份血清中，有20份含有针对至少一种小麦蛋白组分的特异性IgE。在阳性血清中，75%对水/盐可溶性组分有特异性IgE，85%对天然面筋组分有特异性IgE，65%对小麦分离组分有特异性IgE。结果还表明，小麦面粉的SPT溶液含有来自每个过敏原组分的主要食物过敏原。这些结果突出了在特异性IgE反应性分析过程中使用构成整个小麦过敏原模式的组分的重要性。此外，我们观察到小麦分离提取物（食品工业加工结果）不仅含有与小麦分离物特异性食物过敏相关的修饰过敏原（新过敏原），还含有一些与小麦食物过敏相关的天然过敏原。因此，这些结果表明，在小麦体内诊断中，同时使用小麦SPT溶液（面筋提取物和小麦分离物）以区分小麦食物过敏和对特定小麦分离物的过敏非常重要。
