Thess A, Votyakov E V, Kolesnikov Y
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ilmenau University of Technology, P.O. Box 100565, 98684 Ilmenau, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2006 Apr 28;96(16):164501. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.164501. Epub 2006 Apr 25.
We describe a noncontact technique for velocity measurement in electrically conducting fluids. The technique, which we term Lorentz force velocimetry (LFV), is based on exposing the fluid to a magnetic field and measuring the drag force acting upon the magnetic field lines. Two series of measurements are reported, one in which the force is determined through the angular velocity of a rotary magnet system and one in which the force on a fixed magnet system is measured directly. Both experiments confirm that the measured signal is a linear function of the flow velocity. We then derive the scaling law that relates the force on a localized distribution of magnetized material to the velocity of an electrically conducting fluid. This law shows that LFV, if properly designed, has a wide range of potential applications in metallurgy, semiconductor crystal growth, and glass manufacturing.
我们描述了一种用于测量导电流体中速度的非接触技术。我们将该技术称为洛伦兹力测速法（LFV），其基于使流体暴露于磁场并测量作用在磁力线上的阻力。报告了两组测量结果，一组是通过旋转磁体系统的角速度确定力，另一组是直接测量固定磁体系统上的力。两个实验均证实，测量信号是流速的线性函数。然后，我们推导了将磁化材料局部分布上的力与导电流体速度相关联的比例定律。该定律表明，如果设计得当，LFV在冶金、半导体晶体生长和玻璃制造等领域具有广泛的潜在应用。
