Sun Yifei, Takaoka Masaki, Takeda Nobuo, Matsumoto Tadao, Oshita Kazuyuki
Department of Urban & Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
J Hazard Mater. 2006 Sep 1;137(1):106-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.03.011. Epub 2006 Mar 16.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorobenzenes (CBzs) are two classes of dioxin precursors formed in municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) producing negative health effects similar to those of dioxins. Reducing the analytical time required for determining the concentrations of these compounds in MSWIs is important for quickly evaluating their importance and associated health risks. In the present study, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) is compared with traditional Soxhlet extraction (SE) to determine the extraction efficiencies attained for PCB and CBz analysis. The efficiencies of MAE are compared with those of SE under various experimental conditions, using fly ash spiked with standards. Water is used as a safe and environmentally friendly solvent in MAE for PCB and CBz analyses and MAE has high extraction efficiency for spiked fly ash compared with that of SE. Furthermore, the extraction time and organic solvent consumption are reduced with MAE compared with SE. The optimum conditions for MAE established in this study are using a 30-ml volume of toluene/acetone (1/1) or a 15-ml volume of toluene, samples with less than 60% water content (WC), and an irradiation time of 15 min.
多氯联苯（PCBs）和氯苯（CBzs）是城市固体垃圾焚烧炉（MSWIs）中形成的两类二噁英前体，它们产生的负面健康影响与二噁英类似。缩短测定城市固体垃圾焚烧炉中这些化合物浓度所需的分析时间，对于快速评估它们的重要性及相关健康风险至关重要。在本研究中，将微波辅助萃取（MAE）与传统的索氏萃取（SE）进行比较，以确定用于多氯联苯和氯苯分析所达到的萃取效率。在各种实验条件下，使用添加了标准物的飞灰，将微波辅助萃取的效率与索氏萃取的效率进行比较。在微波辅助萃取多氯联苯和氯苯分析中，水被用作一种安全且环保的溶剂，与索氏萃取相比，微波辅助萃取对加标飞灰具有较高的萃取效率。此外，与索氏萃取相比，微波辅助萃取减少了萃取时间和有机溶剂消耗。本研究中确定的微波辅助萃取的最佳条件是使用30毫升甲苯/丙酮（1/1）或15毫升甲苯、含水量低于60%（WC）的样品以及15分钟的辐照时间。
