Cavicchioli Ricardo
School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2006 May;4(5):331-43. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro1390.
Many archaea are extremophiles. They thrive at high temperatures, at high pressure and in concentrated acidic environments. Nevertheless, the largest proportion and greatest diversity of archaea exist in cold environments. Most of the Earth's biosphere is cold, and archaea represent a significant fraction of the biomass. Although psychrophilic archaea have long been the neglected majority, the study of these microorganisms is beginning to come of age. This review casts a spotlight on the ecology, adaptation biology and unique science that is being realized from studies on cold-adapted archaea.
许多古菌是嗜极生物。它们在高温、高压和高浓度酸性环境中茁壮成长。然而，古菌数量占比最大、多样性最高的是在寒冷环境中。地球的大部分生物圈是寒冷的，古菌占生物量的很大一部分。尽管嗜冷古菌长期以来一直是被忽视的大多数，但对这些微生物的研究正开始走向成熟。这篇综述聚焦于对适应寒冷的古菌的研究所实现的生态学、适应生物学和独特科学。
