Withington Stafford, Saklatvala George, Hobson Michael P
Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, UK.
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2006 Jun;23(6):1340-8. doi: 10.1364/josaa.23.001340.
Phased arrays are of considerable importance for far-infrared, submillimeter-wave, and microwave astronomy; they are also being developed for areas as diverse as optical switching, radar, and radio communications. We present a discretized, modal theory of imaging and interferometric phased arrays. It is shown that the average powers, field correlations, power fluctuations, and correlations between power fluctuations at the output ports of an imaging, or interferometric, phased array can be determined for a source in any state of spatial coherence and polarization, once the synthesized beam patterns are known. It is not necessary to know anything about the internal construction of the beam-forming networks; indeed, the beam patterns can be taken from experimental data. The synthesized beams can be nonorthogonal and even linearly dependent. Our theory leads to many conceptual insights and opens the way to a range of new design and simulation techniques.
相控阵对于远红外、亚毫米波和微波天文学具有相当重要的意义；它们也正在被开发用于诸如光开关、雷达和无线电通信等多种领域。我们提出了一种用于成像和干涉相控阵的离散化模态理论。结果表明，一旦已知合成波束方向图，对于处于任何空间相干和偏振状态的源，成像或干涉相控阵输出端口处的平均功率、场相关性、功率涨落以及功率涨落之间的相关性都可以确定。无需了解波束形成网络的内部构造；实际上，波束方向图可以取自实验数据。合成波束可以是非正交的，甚至是线性相关的。我们的理论带来了许多概念上的见解，并为一系列新的设计和模拟技术开辟了道路。
