Tambs Kristian, Hoffman Howard J, Borchgrevink Hans M, Holmen Jostein, Engdahl Bo
Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Int J Audiol. 2006 May;45(5):309-17. doi: 10.1080/14992020600582166.
The aim of the study was to compare the frequency-specific effects of noise on hearing acuity across the range 250-8000 Hz and the extent to which the patterns of frequency-specific threshold shifts differ between occupational noise and impulse noise. Pure-tone audiometry was administered to an adult general population sample with 51 975 subjects who also provided questionnaire information about noise exposure and other risk factors. Threshold shifts induced by life-long occupational noise and impulse noise (mostly shooting) were estimated separately in six age and sex groups for eight frequencies. Reported noise exposure, as well as observed threshold shifts, were moderate among women. Threshold shifts averaged over both ears among subjects in the higher 2% of exposure to occupational noise, reached 13 dB (3000 Hz, age 65 years + ) among men and were generally largest at 3000-4000 Hz. The shifts induced by impulse noise reached approximately 8 dB among men 45-64 years and men 65 years+. The effects of impulse noise were strongest at 3000-8000 Hz and varied little within this frequency range.
本研究的目的是比较250 - 8000赫兹范围内噪声对听力敏锐度的频率特异性影响，以及职业噪声和脉冲噪声之间频率特异性阈值变化模式的差异程度。对一个有51975名受试者的成年普通人群样本进行了纯音听力测定，这些受试者还提供了有关噪声暴露和其他风险因素的问卷信息。分别在六个年龄和性别组中，针对八个频率估计了终生职业噪声和脉冲噪声（主要是射击）引起的阈值变化。女性报告的噪声暴露以及观察到的阈值变化程度适中。在职业噪声暴露最高的2%的受试者中，双耳平均阈值变化在男性中达到13分贝（3000赫兹，65岁及以上），并且通常在3000 - 4000赫兹时最大。在45 - 64岁男性和65岁及以上男性中，脉冲噪声引起的变化约为8分贝。脉冲噪声的影响在3000 - 8000赫兹时最强，并且在该频率范围内变化不大。
