Olsson G
Dept. of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation (IEA), Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
Water Sci Technol. 2006;53(4-5):1-16. doi: 10.2166/wst.2006.097.
Instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) are key technologies in modern water and wastewater systems. Ever present disturbances make it necessary to automatically attenuate their consequences. A wastewater treatment system is load driven, while a water distribution system is demand driven. Despite the variability the system outputs have to be satisfactory. Economic realities encourages the application of ICA to make a maximum use of plant capacities. An increasing complexity of competing processes in a modern nutrient removal plant makes more elaborate control necessary. The final goal of protecting the environmental resources necessitates an integrated view of several interdependent systems, the collection, transport and treatment processes. In this integrating development ICA will be a decisive technology.
仪器仪表、控制与自动化（ICA）是现代供水和污水处理系统中的关键技术。持续存在的干扰使得有必要自动减轻其影响。污水处理系统由负荷驱动，而供水系统由需求驱动。尽管存在变化，但系统输出必须令人满意。经济现实促使应用ICA以最大程度地利用工厂产能。现代营养物去除工厂中竞争过程的日益复杂使得更精细的控制成为必要。保护环境资源的最终目标需要对几个相互依存的系统、收集、运输和处理过程进行综合考量。在这一整合发展过程中，ICA将成为一项决定性技术。
