Geurden Inge, Gondouin Estelle, Rimbach Martin, Koppe Wolfgang, Kaushik Sachi, Boujard Thierry
Laboratory of Nutrition Aquaculture and Genomics, INRA Hydrobiology Station, 64310 St Pée-sur-Nivelle, France.
Physiol Behav. 2006 Jul 30;88(4-5):325-32. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.03.033. Epub 2006 May 24.
This study aimed at a better understanding of the feed intake (FI) regulation in rainbow trout by dietary digestible energy (DE). The DE contents of the three diets (20.5, 23.0 and 24.7 kJ per g dry diet) were modified by supplementing different amounts of fish oil. The crude lipid and protein levels were 13%, 26% and 34% and 64%, 54% and 48%, respectively (% dry diet). The daily FI was measured by means of self-feeders in groups of rainbow trout (32-55 g, initial BW) during two 5 to 6-week trials. Their eventual preference for one of the lipid levels was evaluated by offering the choice between a low and higher lipid diet. The results indicated that fish of a similar body mass had a similar FI without apparent energy intake compensations. It is believed that the excessive energy intakes with the higher lipid diets were not caused by a higher palatability of these diets since the trout did not express any particular preference. The trout fed the lipid rich diets had a higher level of body adiposity, but a similar protein growth. The observation that the trout did not reduce FI when fed the high lipid diet implies a low negative feedback by the ingested fat or by the increase in body adiposity. The similarities in lean carcass growth favour the idea that growing animals regulate their FI in order to meet the demand for maximal protein growth rather than to satisfy a predetermined energy requirement.
本研究旨在更好地理解日粮可消化能量（DE）对虹鳟鱼采食量（FI）的调控作用。通过添加不同量的鱼油来改变三种日粮（每克干日粮含20.5、23.0和24.7千焦DE）的DE含量。粗脂肪和蛋白质水平分别为13%、26%和34%以及64%、54%和48%（%干日粮）。在两项为期5至6周的试验中，通过自动喂食器对虹鳟鱼群（初始体重32 - 55克）的每日采食量进行了测量。通过提供低脂和高脂日粮供其选择，评估它们最终对其中一种脂肪水平的偏好。结果表明，体重相似的鱼采食量相似，且没有明显的能量摄入补偿现象。据信，高脂日粮的过量能量摄入并非由这些日粮的适口性更高所致，因为虹鳟鱼并未表现出任何特别的偏好。喂食高脂日粮的虹鳟鱼体脂水平较高，但蛋白质生长情况相似。虹鳟鱼在喂食高脂日粮时不降低采食量这一观察结果表明，摄入的脂肪或体脂增加所产生的负反馈较低。瘦体生长的相似性支持了这样一种观点，即生长中的动物调节其采食量是为了满足最大蛋白质生长的需求，而非满足预先确定的能量需求。
