Bressan Paola
Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, Università di Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Feb;13(1):22-32. doi: 10.3758/bf03193808.
The empirical question of whether or not the lightness of a region is accounted for purely by the average luminance of its surround has a complex answer that depends on whether such a region is an increment, a decrement, or intermediate relative to the luminances of the contiguous surfaces. It is shown here that a new model of lightness, based on anchoring principles, predicts and clarifies such intricacies. In this model, the luminance of the target region determines its lightness in two ways: indirectly, by causing it to group with parts of its surround and thus defining the nested frameworks to which it belongs; and directly, by anchoring it to the highest luminance and to the average surround luminance in each of these frameworks. Inter- and intraindividual differences in lightness assessment are shown to emerge under grouping conditions that create unstable, conflicting frameworks.
一个区域的亮度是否完全由其周围环境的平均亮度决定，这个实证问题有着复杂的答案，这取决于该区域相对于相邻表面的亮度是增加、减少还是处于中间状态。本文表明，基于锚定原理的一种新的亮度模型能够预测并阐明此类复杂情况。在这个模型中，目标区域的亮度通过两种方式决定其明度：间接方式是，使其与周围环境的部分区域归为一组，从而定义它所属的嵌套框架；直接方式是，将其锚定到每个这些框架中的最高亮度和平均周围亮度。研究表明，在创建不稳定、相互冲突框架的分组条件下，会出现个体间和个体内亮度评估的差异。
