Hummel Thomas, Welge-Lüssen Antje
Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Dresden edical School ('Technische Universität Dresden'), Dresden, Germany; bDepartment f Otorhinolaryngology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 2006;63:84-98. doi: 10.1159/000093752.
Numerous techniques are available for the investigation of chemosensory functions in humans. They include psychophysical measures of chemosensory function, e.g. odor identification, odor discrimination, odor thresholds, odor memory, and retronasal perception of odors. In order to assess changes related to the patients' quality of life or effects of qualitative olfactory dysfunction, questionnaires are being used. Measures relying to a lesser degree on the subjects' cooperation are e.g. chemosensory event-related potentials, odor-induced changes of the EEG, the electroolfactogram, imaging techniques, or measures of respiration. In a clinical context, however, psychophysical techniques are most frequently used, e.g. tests for odor identification, and odor thresholds. Interpretation of results from these measures is frequently supported by the assessment of chemosensory event-related potentials. Other techniques await further standardization before they will become useful in a clinical context.
有许多技术可用于研究人类的化学感应功能。它们包括化学感应功能的心理物理学测量，例如气味识别、气味辨别、气味阈值、气味记忆以及气味的鼻后感知。为了评估与患者生活质量相关的变化或定性嗅觉功能障碍的影响，正在使用问卷调查。较少依赖受试者合作的测量方法例如化学感应事件相关电位、气味诱发的脑电图变化、嗅觉电图、成像技术或呼吸测量。然而，在临床环境中，最常使用心理物理学技术，例如气味识别测试和气味阈值测试。这些测量结果的解释通常得到化学感应事件相关电位评估的支持。其他技术在变得可用于临床环境之前还需要进一步标准化。
