酒精与处方药同时及并发的多药滥用：患病率、相关因素及后果。
Simultaneous and concurrent polydrug use of alcohol and prescription drugs: prevalence, correlates, and consequences.
作者信息
McCabe Sean Esteban, Cranford James A, Morales Michele, Young Amy
机构信息
Substance Abuse Research Center, The University of Michigan, 2025 Traverwood Drive, Suite C, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105-2194, USA.
出版信息
J Stud Alcohol. 2006 Jul;67(4):529-37. doi: 10.15288/jsa.2006.67.529.
OBJECTIVE
In this study, we sought to examine the prevalence, correlates, and consequences associated with simultaneous polydrug use and concurrent polydrug use of alcohol and prescription drugs. For purposes of this investigation, simultaneous polydrug use referred to the co-ingestion of different drugs at the same time, and concurrent polydrug use referred to the use of different drugs on separate occasions within the past 12 months.
METHOD
Undergraduate students attending a large public midwestern university in the United States were randomly selected to self-administer a Web survey. The sample consisted of 4,580 undergraduate students, with a mean (SD) age of 19.9 (2.0) years; the sample consisted of 50% women, and the racial breakdown was 65% white, 13% Asian, 7% black, 5% Hispanic, and 10% other race/ethnicity. The survey assessed simultaneous polydrug use and concurrent polydrug use of alcohol and four classes of prescription drugs: (1) pain medication, (2) stimulant medication, (3) sedative medication, and (4) sleeping medication.
RESULTS
The 12-month prevalence for polydrug use involving alcohol and abusable prescription drugs was 12.1% (including 6.9% simultaneous polydrug use). The majority of polydrug use involving alcohol and each class of prescription drugs was simultaneous polydrug use, with the exception of sleeping medication. Simultaneous polydrug use was more prevalent among undergraduate students who were male, were white, and reported early initiation of alcohol use. Simultaneous polydrug use was associated with more alcohol-related and other drug use-related problems than concurrent polydrug use.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the high prevalence and increased risk for consequences associated with simultaneous polydrug use of alcohol and prescription drugs, collegiate prevention efforts aimed at reducing substance abuse should clearly focus on co-ingestion of alcohol and prescription drugs.
目的
在本研究中，我们试图调查同时使用多种药物以及同时使用酒精和处方药与其他药物的流行情况、相关因素及后果。在本调查中，同时使用多种药物是指同时摄入不同药物，而并发使用多种药物是指在过去12个月内于不同场合使用不同药物。
方法
随机选取美国中西部一所大型公立大学的本科生进行网络问卷调查。样本包括4580名本科生，平均（标准差）年龄为19.9（2.0）岁；样本中50%为女性，种族构成如下：65%为白人，13%为亚洲人，7%为黑人，5%为西班牙裔，10%为其他种族/族裔。该调查评估了同时使用多种药物以及并发使用酒精和四类处方药的情况：（1）止痛药，（2）兴奋剂药物，（3）镇静剂药物，（4）安眠药。
结果
涉及酒精和可滥用处方药的多药使用在12个月内的患病率为12.1%（包括6.9%的同时使用多种药物）。涉及酒精和各类处方药的多药使用中，除安眠药外，大多数是同时使用多种药物。同时使用多种药物在男性、白人且报告较早开始饮酒的本科生中更为普遍。与并发使用多种药物相比，同时使用多种药物与更多与酒精相关及其他药物使用相关的问题有关。
结论
鉴于酒精和处方药同时使用多种药物的高患病率及相关后果风险增加，旨在减少药物滥用的大学预防工作应明确聚焦于酒精和处方药的同时摄入。
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