Shirako Y, Niklasson B, Dalrymple J M, Strauss E G, Strauss J H
Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.
Virology. 1991 Jun;182(2):753-64. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90616-j.
Ockelbo virus was first isolated in 1982 in Sweden. It is the causal agent of disease in humans characterized by arthritis, rash, and fever and is antigenically very closely related to Sindbis virus. We have determined the nucleotide and translated amino acid sequences of the prototype Ockelbo virus isolate (82-5) to determine the relatedness of Ockelbo virus to Sindbis virus at the genomic level and clarify the taxonomic position of Ockelbo virus within the alphavirus genus. The numbers of nucleotides and of translated amino acids in each region of the Ockelbo virus genome were exactly the same as those for the prototype AR339 strain of Sindbis virus except for three small deletions and insertions in the C-terminal half of nsP3 and for three single nucleotide insertions and deletions in the 3' untranslated region. Overall there were 672 nucleotide differences (5.7% divergence), resulting in 97 amino acid changes (2.6% divergence), between the two viruses: more than 85% of the nucleotide changes were silent. Only the C-terminal domain of nsP3 and the E2 glycoprotein showed a higher degree of amino acid substitution than the overall average. The former domain is not conserved among alphaviruses, and the latter is primarily responsible for antigenic variation. Sequence analysis of 420 nucleotides at the 3' end of a number of other Sindbis-like alphaviruses, including Karelian fever virus and South African, Indian, and Australian isolates of Sindbis virus, demonstrated that Ockelbo virus is more closely related to South African strains of Sindbis virus than it is to the prototypic Egyptian AR339 strain. Thus the South African strains, which have caused epidemic disease in humans, may have been introduced into Northern Europe by man or by migratory birds to establish Ockelbo disease there. The Indian and Australian strains form a distinct branch of the evolutionary tree and differ from prototypic AR339 Sindbis virus in 17% of the nucleotides sequenced.
奥克尔博病毒于1982年首次在瑞典分离出来。它是人类疾病的病原体，其特征为关节炎、皮疹和发热，在抗原性上与辛德毕斯病毒密切相关。我们已确定了奥克尔博病毒原型毒株（82 - 5）的核苷酸序列及翻译后的氨基酸序列，以在基因组水平上确定奥克尔博病毒与辛德毕斯病毒的亲缘关系，并阐明奥克尔博病毒在甲病毒属中的分类地位。奥克尔博病毒基因组各区域的核苷酸数量及翻译后的氨基酸数量与辛德毕斯病毒原型AR339毒株完全相同，只是在非结构蛋白3（nsP3）的C端后半部分有三个小的缺失和插入，以及在3'非翻译区有三个单核苷酸插入和缺失。总体而言，两种病毒之间有672个核苷酸差异（5.7%的分歧），导致97个氨基酸变化（2.6%的分歧）：超过85%的核苷酸变化是沉默的。只有nsP3的C端结构域和E2糖蛋白的氨基酸替代程度高于总体平均水平。前一个结构域在甲病毒中不保守，而后一个结构域主要负责抗原变异。对包括卡累利阿热病毒以及南非、印度和澳大利亚的辛德毕斯病毒分离株在内的许多其他辛德毕斯样甲病毒3'端420个核苷酸的序列分析表明，奥克尔博病毒与南非的辛德毕斯病毒株比与原型埃及AR339株的关系更为密切。因此，曾在人类中引发流行病的南非毒株可能是由人类或候鸟引入北欧并在那里引发奥克尔博病的。印度和澳大利亚的毒株形成了进化树的一个独特分支，在所测序的核苷酸中，与原型AR339辛德毕斯病毒有17%的差异。
