Somers Gino R, Chiasson David A, Smith Charles R
Division of Pathology, Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2006 Jun;27(2):113-6. doi: 10.1097/01.paf.0000220981.54069.b8.
Bathtub drownings are a significant cause of mortality in the pediatric population. Infants and preambulatory children are disproportionately affected, and several studies have suggested that preventative campaigns have been ineffective in the prevention of such deaths. To obtain a better understanding of the factors associated with bathtub drownings, a retrospective review of autopsy records over a 20-year period (1984-2003) was performed. Eighteen consecutive cases of bathtub drownings were identified in 8 males and 10 females (ratio, 0.8; P = 0.6374). The age ranged from 6 months to 70 months (mean, 17 months; median, 11 months), and most cases occurred in infants aged 12 months or less (72%). Males tended to be older than females (mean, 23 months versus 11 months; P = 0.1889). Associated factors included inadequate adult supervision (89%), cobathing (39%), the use of infant bath seats (17%), and coexistent medical disorders predisposing the infant or child to the drowning episode (17%). The pathologic findings included a frothy exudate (28%), pleural effusion (28%), and increased lung weight (61%). All toxicologic samples submitted for analysis were negative. The present study highlights the factors associated with bathtub drownings and may aid in the prevention of such deaths in the pediatric population.
浴缸溺水是儿科人群死亡的一个重要原因。婴儿和学步前儿童受影响的比例过高，并且多项研究表明预防运动在预防此类死亡方面效果不佳。为了更好地了解与浴缸溺水相关的因素，我们对20年期间（1984年至2003年）的尸检记录进行了回顾性研究。共确定了18例连续的浴缸溺水病例，其中男性8例，女性10例（比例为0.8；P = 0.6374）。年龄范围为6个月至70个月（平均17个月；中位数11个月），大多数病例发生在12个月及以下的婴儿中（72%）。男性往往比女性年龄大（平均23个月对11个月；P = 0.1889）。相关因素包括成人监管不足（89%）、一起洗澡（39%）、使用婴儿浴座（17%）以及存在使婴儿或儿童易发生溺水事件的并存疾病（17%）。病理结果包括泡沫状渗出物（28%）、胸腔积液（28%）和肺重量增加（61%）。所有送检分析的毒理学样本均为阴性。本研究强调了与浴缸溺水相关的因素，并可能有助于预防儿科人群中的此类死亡。
