超流氦：量子化涡旋的可视化

Superfluid helium: visualization of quantized vortices.

作者信息

Bewley Gregory P, Lathrop Daniel P, Sreenivasan Katepalli R

机构信息

Department of Physics, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, Institute for Physical Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.

出版信息

Nature. 2006 Jun 1;441(7093):588. doi: 10.1038/441588a.

DOI:10.1038/441588a

PMID:16738652

Abstract

When liquid helium is cooled to below its phase transition at 2.172 K, vortices appear with cores that are only ångströms in diameter, about which the fluid circulates with quantized angular momentum. Here we generate small particles of solid hydrogen that can be used to image the cores of quantized vortices in their three-dimensional environment of liquid helium. This technique enables the geometry and interactions of these vortices to be observed directly.

摘要

当液氦被冷却至低于其2.172 K的相变温度时，会出现涡旋，其核心直径仅为埃量级，流体围绕这些核心以量子化角动量循环。在这里，我们生成了固态氢的小颗粒，可用于在液氦的三维环境中对量子化涡旋的核心进行成像。这项技术能够直接观察这些涡旋的几何形状和相互作用。