Haapasalo H, Parkkari J, Kannus P, Natri A, Järvinen M
Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland.
Int J Sports Med. 2007 Jan;28(1):72-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-924039. Epub 2006 May 30.
This prospective one-year follow-up study compared the risks of knee injuries in various commuting and lifestyle activities as well as in recreational and competitive sports in a 15 to 74-year-old Finnish population cohort. A cohort of 3657 persons was randomly selected from the nationwide population register of Finland. Ninety-two percent of them accepted to participate (n = 3363). The subjects were interviewed by telephone three times during the one-year follow-up. The recorded data included all physical activities that lasted 15 minutes or more, and all injuries that were sustained during these activities. Fifteen percent (n = 321) of all reported injuries affected the knee. The individual risk of knee injury per 1000 exposure hours was low in commuting activities (cycling, walking), 0.06 (95 % CI 0.04 to 0.09) and in lifestyle activities (gardening, hunting, fishing, home repair etc.), 0.04 (0.03 - 0.06). In recreational and competitive sports, the knee injury risk was almost ten times higher, 0.44 (0.39 - 0.50). For commuting activities (p = 0.046) and for recreational and competitive sports (p < 0.001), there was a decreasing injury rate with age. In lifestyle activities (p = 0.038), in turn, there was an increasing trend of injuries with aging. In commuting activities (hazard ratio, HR 5.99, 95 % CI 1.40 to 25.6), the risk of knee injury was significantly higher in women than in men. In conclusion, the knee injury risk per exposure hours is almost ten times lower in commuting and lifestyle activities compared to recreational and competitive sports. The knee injury risk is especially high in the age group of 15 to 25 years, especially in various team sports and ball games. At population level, however, widely practiced low-to-moderate intensity activities with relatively low injury risk per exposure hours produce a large absolute number of knee injuries.
这项前瞻性的一年随访研究比较了芬兰15至74岁人群队列中，各种通勤及生活方式活动以及休闲和竞技运动中膝关节受伤的风险。从芬兰全国人口登记册中随机选取了3657人作为队列。其中92%的人接受了参与研究（n = 3363）。在一年的随访期间，通过电话对受试者进行了三次访谈。记录的数据包括所有持续15分钟或更长时间的体育活动，以及在这些活动中遭受的所有损伤。所有报告损伤中有15%（n = 321）影响到了膝盖。在通勤活动（骑自行车、步行）中，每1000暴露小时的个体膝关节受伤风险较低，为0.06（95%置信区间0.04至0.09）；在生活方式活动（园艺、打猎、钓鱼、家庭维修等）中，每1000暴露小时的个体膝关节受伤风险为0.04（0.03 - 0.06）。在休闲和竞技运动中，膝关节受伤风险几乎高出十倍，为0.44（0.39 - 0.50）。对于通勤活动（p = 0.046）和休闲及竞技运动（p < 0.001），受伤率随年龄增长而降低。而在生活方式活动中（p = 0.038），受伤率则随年龄增长呈上升趋势。在通勤活动中（风险比，HR 5.99，95%置信区间1.40至25.6），女性膝关节受伤风险显著高于男性。总之，与休闲和竞技运动相比，通勤和生活方式活动中每暴露小时的膝关节受伤风险几乎低十倍。膝关节受伤风险在15至25岁年龄组中尤其高，特别是在各种团队运动和球类游戏中。然而，在人群层面，广泛开展的低至中等强度活动，每暴露小时的受伤风险相对较低，但却导致了大量的膝关节损伤。
