Schilsky Richard L, McIntyre O Ross, Holland James F, Frei Emil
Cancer and Leukemia Group B, Central Office of the Chairman and University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Jun 1;12(11 Pt 2):3553s-5s. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-9000.
A formal National Cancer Institute Clinical Trials Cooperative Group Program was conceived in 1955 when Dr. Sidney Farber, Mary Lasker, and others approached Congress with a proposal to increase support for studies of chemotherapy of cancer. In response, Congress awarded US $5 million to the National Cancer Institute to establish the Chemotherapy National Service Center. The founders of the Cancer and Leukemia Group B, James Holland and Emil (Tom) Frei, III, envisioned that successful chemotherapy for leukemia and other hematologic malignancies could be expeditiously realized through carefully designed clinical trials executed uniformly as a cooperative effort among several institutions. In 1956, the group was designated the Acute Leukemia Group B by the Chemotherapy National Service Center Clinical Studies Panel, and Frei was elected chairman. In the ensuing 50 years, the Cancer and Leukemia Group B has expanded to national and even international membership, and its research programs have expanded to include all of the common adult solid tumors and hematologic malignancies in a multidisciplinary effort to improve the outcomes for patients with cancer and to better understand the biology of malignant disease.
1955年，西德尼·法伯博士、玛丽·拉斯克等人向国会提出增加对癌症化疗研究支持的提议，由此构想了正式的美国国立癌症研究所临床试验合作组计划。作为回应，国会拨款500万美元给美国国立癌症研究所，以设立化疗国家服务中心。B组癌症与白血病研究组的创始人詹姆斯·霍兰德和埃米尔（汤姆）·弗赖三世设想，通过精心设计并由多个机构协同统一执行的临床试验，可以迅速实现针对白血病和其他血液系统恶性肿瘤的成功化疗。1956年，该研究组被化疗国家服务中心临床研究小组指定为急性白血病B组，弗赖当选主席。在随后的50年里，B组癌症与白血病研究组的成员已扩展至全国乃至国际范围，其研究项目也不断扩展，涵盖了所有常见的成人实体瘤和血液系统恶性肿瘤，通过多学科协作努力改善癌症患者的治疗效果，并更好地了解恶性疾病的生物学特性。
