Dada-Adegbola H O, Oluwatoba A O, Falade C O
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Afr J Med Med Sci. 2005 Sep;34(3):263-7.
Impairment of physical and mental development has been identified as deleterious effects of helminthic infection. As a result, there have been concerted efforts to control this group of diseases especially among children who are most vulnerable. However, knowing the prevalence of multiple infections will strengthen or otherwise justify the use of broad spectrum antihelminthics in the prophylaxis and treatment of intestinal helminthes among children. This study was carried out in a farming community with no tarred access road, electricity or pipe-borne water. The diagnosis of intestinal helminthes was by Kato-Katz thick smear examination technique. One hundred and seventy stool samples from 88 male and 82 female children were examined. The mean age of the children was 8 +/- 1.6years. One hundred and sixteen of 170 (68.2%) of the study volunteers had one intestinal helminthic infection or the other. Co-infection by more than one helminth was not uncommon and this occurred in 49.1% of the infected population while 35.4%, 11.2% and 2.6% had double, triple and quadruple infections respectively. Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm were the most common combinations observed in the study 52.6%, followed by the combination of A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura 17.5%. The triad of A. lumbricoides, hookworm and T. trichiura accounted for 12.3% among the multiply infected population. However, quadruple infection with A. lumbricoides, hookworm, T. trichliura and E. vernlicularis had 2.6% prevalence rate among the study population. Ascaris lumbricoides is the most prevalent among all the children, with a prevalence of 81.6%, 63.3% and 52.4% among children aged 12 -17years, 6-11 years and 0-5 years respectively. In conclusion, the presence of multiple infections especially of Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm in almost 26% of the study population and multiple infections in 49.1% of the infected population justified the use of broadspectrum antihelminthics in the management of helminthiasis among school children of the rural community. Thus treatment and mass chemotherapy directed at school children will be a step in the right direction.
身心发育受损已被确认为蠕虫感染的有害影响。因此，人们齐心协力控制这类疾病，尤其是在最易感染的儿童中。然而，了解多重感染的流行情况将加强或证明在预防和治疗儿童肠道蠕虫病时使用广谱抗蠕虫药的合理性。本研究在一个没有柏油路、电力或管道供水的农业社区进行。肠道蠕虫的诊断采用加藤-厚涂片检查技术。对88名男童和82名女童的170份粪便样本进行了检查。儿童的平均年龄为8±1.6岁。170名研究志愿者中有116名（68.2%）感染了一种或另一种肠道蠕虫。多种蠕虫的合并感染并不罕见，在49.1%的感染人群中出现，而双重、三重和四重感染分别占35.4%、11.2%和2.6%。在本研究中观察到的最常见组合是蛔虫和钩虫，占52.6%，其次是蛔虫和鞭虫的组合，占17.5%。蛔虫、钩虫和鞭虫的三联感染在多重感染人群中占12.3%。然而，蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫和蛲虫的四重感染在研究人群中的患病率为2.6%。蛔虫在所有儿童中最为普遍，在12至17岁、6至11岁和0至5岁的儿童中患病率分别为81.6%、63.3%和52.4%。总之，几乎26%的研究人群中存在多重感染，尤其是蛔虫和钩虫感染，49.1%的感染人群中存在多种感染，这证明在农村社区学龄儿童的蠕虫病管理中使用广谱抗蠕虫药是合理的。因此，针对学龄儿童的治疗和群体化疗将是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。
