Adsorption of Me(II), HEDP, and Me(II)-HEDP onto boehmite at nonstoichiometric Me(II)-HEDP concentrations.

In aqueous environments, certain heavy metals are toxic even at very low concentrations. The main pathway of metal removal in the aquatic systems is via adsorption onto surfaces. These are desired processes that help decrease the dissolved fraction of metals in natural water. The presence of organic ligands as mono- and polyphosphonates may produce drastic changes in the mobility of the heavy metals. 1-Hydroxyethane-(1,1-diphosphonic acid) (HEDP) is a very strong chelating agent widely used in industrial applications. This study examines the effect of HEDP on the adsorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) onto boehmite in nonstoichiometric conditions, with the HEDP concentration higher than the corresponding Me(II) cations. At high surface loading and low pH, HEDP removes Zn(II) and Cd(II) from solution to an appreciable extent. The data are modeled assuming an anionic-ternary complex formation. In the same conditions, Cu(II) adsorption is significantly suppressed at intermediate values of pH, and this behavior is linked to Cu-HEDP complex formation in solution. At low surface covering, the effects of HEDP on metal adsorption are either negligible or slight. This behavior suggests that both ligand and metal are mainly adsorbed in separate form. All experimental data indicate that no changes are observed in the pH edges for phosphonate adsorption. The surface constants to fit the experimental data were calculated by applying the 2-K model constant capacitance (CCM).