Steinmaus Craig M, George Christine M, Kalman David A, Smith Allan H
Arsenic Health Effects Research Program, 140 Warren Hall, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7360, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2006 May 15;40(10):3362-6. doi: 10.1021/es060015i.
Millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water. Arsenic field test kits may offer a cost-effective approach for measuring these exposures in the field, although the accuracy of some kits used in the past has been poor. In this study, arsenic concentrations were measured in 136 water sources in western Nevada using two relatively new arsenic test kits and compared to laboratory measurements using atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). Spearman's rank correlation coefficients comparing the Quick Arsenic and Hach EZ kits to laboratory measurements were 0.96 (p < 0.001) and 0.95 (p < 0.001), respectively. When analyzed in seven exposure categories (0-9, 10-19, 20-49, 50-99, 100-199, 200-499, and > or = 500 microg/L), test kit and AFS measurements were in the same category in 71% (Quick Arsenic) and 62% (Hach EZ) of samples, and within one category of each other in 99% (Quick Arsenic) and 97% (Hach EZ) of samples. Both kits identified all water samples with high arsenic concentrations (> 15 microg/L) as being above the United States Environmental Protection Agency's drinking water standard and the World Health Organization's guideline value for arsenic of 10 microg/L. These results suggestthatthese easily portable kits can be used to identify water sources with high arsenic concentrations and may provide an important tool for arsenic surveillance and remediation programs.
全球数百万人面临饮用受砷污染的水的风险。砷现场检测试剂盒可能为在现场测量这些暴露情况提供一种经济有效的方法，尽管过去使用的一些试剂盒准确性较差。在本研究中，使用两种相对较新的砷检测试剂盒测量了内华达州西部136个水源中的砷浓度，并与使用原子荧光光谱法（AFS）的实验室测量结果进行了比较。将快速砷试剂盒和哈希EZ试剂盒与实验室测量结果进行比较的斯皮尔曼等级相关系数分别为0.96（p < 0.001）和0.95（p < 0.001）。当按七个暴露类别（0 - 9、10 - 19、20 - 49、50 - 99、100 - 199、200 - 499以及≥500微克/升）进行分析时，试剂盒测量结果和AFS测量结果在71%（快速砷试剂盒）和62%（哈希EZ试剂盒）的样本中处于同一类别，在99%（快速砷试剂盒）和97%（哈希EZ试剂盒）的样本中彼此相差不超过一个类别。两种试剂盒都将所有高砷浓度（> 15微克/升）的水样识别为高于美国环境保护局的饮用水标准以及世界卫生组织规定的10微克/升的砷指导值。这些结果表明，这些易于携带的试剂盒可用于识别高砷浓度的水源，可能为砷监测和修复计划提供重要工具。
