Drew Paul D, Xu Jihong, Storer Paul D, Chavis Janet A, Racke Michael K
Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. drewpauld @uams.edu
Neurochem Int. 2006 Jul;49(2):183-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2006.04.003. Epub 2006 Jun 5.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play key roles in lipid metabolism and inflammation. Recent studies indicated that PPARs are also capable of modulating immune responses. Microglia and astrocytes are cells resident to the central nervous system (CNS) that function to protect against environmental insults including pathogens. However, following CNS inflammation, reactive gliosis occurs which is characterized by astrocyte hypertrophy and increased glial proliferation. Under such conditions, glia can become chronically activated and may contribute to the neuropathology associated with a variety of neuroinflammatory disorders including multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and stroke. A review of the role of PPAR agonists in modulating glial cell activation is presented. Included is a discussion of the molecular mechanisms of action of these PPAR agonists and the potential utility of these agents for the treatment of neuroinflammatory disorders.
过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPARs）在脂质代谢和炎症中发挥关键作用。最近的研究表明，PPARs也能够调节免疫反应。小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统（CNS）中的常驻细胞，其功能是抵御包括病原体在内的环境侵害。然而，在中枢神经系统发生炎症后，会出现反应性胶质增生，其特征是星形胶质细胞肥大和胶质细胞增殖增加。在这种情况下，胶质细胞可能会长期激活，并可能导致与多种神经炎症性疾病相关的神经病理学变化，包括多发性硬化症（MS）、阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）、肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）和中风。本文综述了PPAR激动剂在调节胶质细胞激活中的作用。其中包括对这些PPAR激动剂作用的分子机制以及这些药物在治疗神经炎症性疾病方面潜在效用的讨论。
