Hunt W A
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1975;56:195-210. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7529-6_9.
The simplicity of the structure of aliphatic alcohols suggests that their interaction with receptors in the classical sense is unlikely. The actions of alcohols may involve a relatively nonspecific disruption of cell membranes, possibly physically dissolving into neuronal membranes especially, resulting in the malfunction of normal physiological processes. Studies of alcohol-membrane interactions have employed the use of artificial and nonneural membranes, invertebrate neurons for electrophysiological measurements and brain tissue for studying ion fluxes and enzymatic activities. For the most part these studies have been inclusive because high concentrations of alcohols were needed to elicit any effect. Also, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to in vivo mammalian systems, especially relative to the clinical signs of depression of the central nervous system.
脂肪醇结构的简单性表明，它们不太可能以传统意义与受体相互作用。醇类的作用可能涉及对细胞膜相对非特异性的破坏，尤其是可能物理溶解于神经细胞膜中，从而导致正常生理过程的功能紊乱。对酒精与膜相互作用的研究采用了人工和非神经膜、用于电生理测量的无脊椎动物神经元以及用于研究离子通量和酶活性的脑组织。在很大程度上，这些研究具有局限性，因为需要高浓度的醇才能产生任何效果。此外，很难将这些数据外推到体内哺乳动物系统，尤其是相对于中枢神经系统抑制的临床症状。
