Stricker B H, de Groot R R, Wilson J H
Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Dijkzigt, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1991;40(4):367-71. doi: 10.1007/BF00265845.
In 1981 generalized anaphylaxis was registered on 166 occasions in Dutch general and academic hospitals. Clinical details of 120 of those patients revealed that in 107 anaphylaxis was either probable (n = 90) or possible (n = 17), whereas in 13 cases some other reaction than anaphylaxis had occurred. The series of confirmed cases contained 46 men and 61 women, with mean ages of 47 y and 48 y, respectively. There was a complete recovery in 102 patients and two patients died. Hypotension was present in 79 cases (74%), dyspnoea in 34 cases (32%) and a skin reaction, mainly urticaria, erythema or angioedema, was mentioned in 62 cases (58%). Most cases of anaphylaxis were drug-induced (76%), the main causes being the analgesic glafenine and contrast media. Glafenine was mentioned as the cause in 36% of all admissions for drug-induced anaphylaxis. Only 3.7% of cases had been reported to the voluntary reporting scheme of the Netherlands Centre for Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Drugs. On the basis of reimbursement data, the risk of developing severe anaphylaxis to glafenine was estimated at 11.7-19.3-fold relative to indomethacin, and 13.4-20.2-fold relative to oral penicillins.
1981年，荷兰的综合医院和学术医院共记录了166例全身性过敏反应。对其中120例患者的临床细节分析显示，107例为可能（n = 90）或疑似（n = 17）过敏反应，13例为非过敏反应。确诊病例中男性46例，女性61例，平均年龄分别为47岁和48岁。102例患者完全康复，2例死亡。79例（74%）出现低血压，34例（32%）出现呼吸困难，62例（58%）出现皮肤反应，主要为荨麻疹、红斑或血管性水肿。大多数过敏反应病例是药物引起的（76%），主要原因是镇痛药格拉非宁和造影剂。在所有药物性过敏反应入院病例中，36%的病因是格拉非宁。只有3.7%的病例报告给了荷兰药物不良反应监测中心的自愿报告系统。根据报销数据，与吲哚美辛相比，使用格拉非宁发生严重过敏反应的风险估计高11.7 - 19.3倍，与口服青霉素相比高13.4 - 20.2倍。
