Lentz T L, Chester J, Benson R J, Hawrot E, Tignor G H, Smith A L
Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Muscle Nerve. 1985 May;8(4):336-45. doi: 10.1002/mus.880080411.
The binding of rabies virus to cellular membranes was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Virus binding to membranes adsorbed to the wells of microtiter plates was detected with rabies virus antibody and alkaline phosphatase-linked second antibody. The greatest degree of binding was to myotube, neuroblastoma, and salivary gland membranes; intermediate levels occurred in striated muscle and nerve membranes; and low levels of binding were found in other membranes, including those of most parenchymal organs. Binding of rabies virus to myotube membranes was saturable, dependent on pH (with an optimum of pH 6.0), facilitated by the divalent cations Ca++, Mn++, and Mg++, and was temperature dependent. Binding was greatly reduced by inactivation of virus with beta-propiolactone or treatment of virus with trypsin. In embryonic chick myotubes, total acetylcholine receptor content and acetylcholinesterase activity undergo marked changes during development, first increasing and then decreasing at the time of hatching. Binding of rabies virus followed a similar pattern, indicating that the virus may interact with the acetylcholine receptor or other surface molecules undergoing similar developmental changes.
采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法检测狂犬病病毒与细胞膜的结合情况。用狂犬病病毒抗体和碱性磷酸酶标记的二抗检测病毒与吸附在微量滴定板孔中的膜的结合。结合程度最高的是肌管、神经母细胞瘤和唾液腺膜；中等水平出现在横纹肌和神经膜中；在其他膜中，包括大多数实质器官的膜中，结合水平较低。狂犬病病毒与肌管膜的结合是可饱和的，依赖于pH值（最适pH为6.0），二价阳离子Ca++、Mn++和Mg++可促进其结合，且依赖于温度。用β-丙内酯使病毒失活或用胰蛋白酶处理病毒可大大降低结合。在胚胎鸡肌管中，总乙酰胆碱受体含量和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性在发育过程中发生显著变化，在孵化时先增加后减少。狂犬病病毒的结合遵循类似模式，表明该病毒可能与乙酰胆碱受体或经历类似发育变化的其他表面分子相互作用。
