Merli Geno J
Division of Internal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
Clin Cornerstone. 2005;7(4):49-56. doi: 10.1016/s1098-3597(05)80103-6.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious disorder and a major cause of morbidity and mortality among acutely ill medical patients. However, despite the growing number of patients with acute medical illnesses who have an associated risk of VTE, the widespread use of VTE prophylaxis does not yet occur for both surgical and nonsurgical patients. Although individuals at greatest risk for VTE include patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery and those with medical conditions that require prolonged immobilization, all patients who have acute medical illnesses should be considered for VTE prophylaxis. Several strategies, including various mechanical and pharmacologic approaches, are currently used for VTE prophylaxis. Increased awareness about the full range of options for VTE prophylaxis can help health care providers select the appropriate course of action to help reduce the incidence of VTE among patients with acute medical illnesses.
静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）是一种严重的疾病，也是急性病患者发病和死亡的主要原因。然而，尽管越来越多患有急性疾病的患者存在VTE相关风险，但无论是手术患者还是非手术患者，VTE预防措施尚未广泛应用。虽然VTE风险最高的人群包括接受大型骨科手术的患者以及患有需要长期制动的疾病的患者，但所有患有急性疾病的患者都应考虑进行VTE预防。目前有多种策略用于VTE预防，包括各种机械和药物方法。提高对VTE预防全部选择的认识有助于医疗保健提供者选择合适的行动方案，以帮助降低急性病患者中VTE的发生率。
