Bondarenko V M
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 2006 Mar-Apr(2):89-97.
The data obtained in the molecular genetic studies of the representatives of the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are given. At present the genomes of Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum sized 2,256.640, 1,993.564 and 3,308.274 base pairs respectively, were completely sequenced. The use of different methods of gene indication and gene typing essentially widened the existing notions of the species variety of these bacteria, made it possible to change the classification of known species and to find out new ones, vegetating in different biotopes of the human body. Molecular genetic approaches also ascertained the taxonomic position of production strains of lactic-acid bacteria used in food industry, helped determine the kinetics of the passage of probiotic strains of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli along the gastrointestinal tract, as well as determine the duration of their preservation in the intestine after oral administration. In addition, the data on the evaluation of the therapeutic effect of some preparations, probiotics and synbiotics, with determination of the population level of endogenic and orally introduced exogenic bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are presented.
给出了双歧杆菌属和乳杆菌属代表分子遗传学研究中获得的数据。目前，长双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌的基因组分别为2,256,640、1,993,564和3,308,274个碱基对，已完成全序列测定。使用不同的基因指示和基因分型方法极大地拓宽了对这些细菌物种多样性的现有认识，使得改变已知物种的分类并发现新物种成为可能，这些新物种存在于人体的不同生物群落中。分子遗传学方法还确定了食品工业中使用的乳酸菌生产菌株的分类地位，有助于确定双歧杆菌和乳杆菌益生菌菌株在胃肠道中的通过动力学，以及口服给药后它们在肠道中的保存时间。此外，还介绍了一些制剂、益生菌和合生元治疗效果评估的数据，以及内源性和口服引入的外源性双歧杆菌和乳杆菌种群水平的测定。
