Kriegseis Anne, Hennighausen Erwin, Rösler Frank, Röder Brigitte
Department of Psychology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Jul;117(7):1560-73. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.03.030. Epub 2006 Jun 8.
Goal of the present study was to compare the amplitude and topography of EEG alpha activity between congenitally blind and sighted adults both in a primarily sensory and a primarily cognitive task.
Congenitally blind and blindfolded sighted adults performed a somatosensory perception task (experiment 1), which required to discriminate tactile stimuli at different fingers, and a mental imagery task (experiment 2), in which a previously haptically encoded map had to be mentally scanned. The EEG was recorded with 61 electrodes and was analyzed with the Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT).
Results showed a significant reduction of alpha power in the blind compared to the sighted controls over parieto-occipital recording sites in both tasks.
It is speculated that brain structures, which have been associated with the generation of posterior alpha rhythms in sighted adults, including the geniculo-cortical pathway, depend on visual input and might either be reorganized or atrophied following blindness from birth.
The present study demonstrates that oscillatory activity of the brain might serve as a marker of cortical reorganization.
本研究的目的是比较先天性失明和有视力的成年人在主要为感觉任务和主要为认知任务时脑电图α活动的幅度和地形图。
先天性失明和蒙眼的有视力的成年人执行一项躯体感觉知觉任务（实验1），该任务要求辨别不同手指上的触觉刺激，以及一项心理意象任务（实验2），在该任务中必须对先前通过触觉编码的地图进行心理扫描。脑电图用61个电极记录，并用快速傅里叶变换（FFT）进行分析。
结果显示，在两项任务中，与有视力的对照组相比，盲人在顶枕记录部位的α功率显著降低。
据推测，在有视力的成年人中与后部α节律产生相关的脑结构，包括膝状体-皮质通路，依赖于视觉输入，并且在先天性失明后可能会发生重组或萎缩。
本研究表明，大脑的振荡活动可能是皮质重组的一个标志。
