Msall Michael E
University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, Kennedy Mental Retardation Center, Comer Children's and LaRabida Children's Hospitals, IL 60637, USA.
Clin Perinatol. 2006 Jun;33(2):269-84. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2006.03.012.
During the past 2 decades, major advances in maternal-fetal medicine and neonatology have resulted in unprecedented survival of very preterm (<32 weeks) and extremely preterm (<28 weeks) babies. Despites these advances in prenatal care, neurodevelopmental motor impairment remains a substantial sequela. This article describes the major progress and challenges in understanding pathways of preterm children who go on to have one of the cerebral palsy syndromes. The contributions of chronic lung disease, intraventricular hemorrhage, retinopathy of prematurity, and postnatal steroids are analyzed. Management can then be directed to limiting the comorbidities that are associated with threats to survival and to improving protection of central nervous system functions that are involved in moving, manipulative skills, feeding, communication, and learning.
在过去20年里，母胎医学和新生儿学取得了重大进展，使得极早产儿（<32周）和超早产儿（<28周）的存活率达到了前所未有的水平。尽管产前护理取得了这些进展，但神经发育运动障碍仍然是一个严重的后遗症。本文描述了在理解发展为脑瘫综合征之一的早产儿发病途径方面的主要进展和挑战。分析了慢性肺病、脑室内出血、早产儿视网膜病变和产后使用类固醇的影响。随后的管理可以针对限制与生存威胁相关的合并症，并改善对涉及运动、操作技能、进食、沟通和学习的中枢神经系统功能的保护。
