Bricker Jonathan B, Peterson Arthur V, Robyn Andersen M, Leroux Brian G, Bharat Rajan K, Sarason Irwin G
Cancer Prevention Research Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2006 Apr;8(2):217-26. doi: 10.1080/14622200600576339.
A number of longitudinal studies have explored the role of friends', parents', and older siblings' smoking in children's smoking acquisition. A reasonable implication of this previous research is that intervention efforts could be beneficially directed toward countering the potential influence of friends' and possibly older siblings' smoking but not parents' smoking. However, methodological limitations of this previous research motivated our reevaluation of the role of friends', parents', and older siblings' smoking in children's smoking. Close friends' smoking status was assessed when children were in 5th grade, whereas parents' and older siblings' smoking status was assessed when children were in 3rd grade. The outcome, children's daily smoking status, was assessed in 12th grade. The setting was 40 Washington state school districts that participated in the long-term Hutchinson Smoking Prevention Project. Participants were the 4,576 families for whom close friends', parents', and older siblings' smoking status as well as children's smoking status were available. The probability that each close friend's smoking influenced the child to smoke daily was 9% (95% CI = 6%-12%), the probability that each parent's smoking influenced the child to smoke daily was 11% (95% CI = 9%-14%), and the probability that each older sibling's smoking influenced the child to smoke daily was 7% (95% CI = 1%-13%). These results suggest that close friends', parents', and siblings' smoking were similarly important influences on children's smoking. Family-focused interventions could be a valuable future direction of prevention research.
一些纵向研究探讨了朋友、父母和哥哥姐姐吸烟对儿童开始吸烟的影响。此前这项研究的一个合理推论是，干预措施可以有益地针对应对朋友以及可能哥哥姐姐吸烟的潜在影响，但不包括父母吸烟的影响。然而，此前这项研究的方法局限性促使我们重新评估朋友、父母和哥哥姐姐吸烟在儿童吸烟方面的作用。在孩子五年级时评估亲密朋友的吸烟状况，而在孩子三年级时评估父母和哥哥姐姐的吸烟状况。结果，即儿童的每日吸烟状况，在十二年级时进行评估。研究背景是华盛顿州的40个学区参与了长期的哈钦森预防吸烟项目。参与者是4576个家庭，这些家庭的亲密朋友、父母和哥哥姐姐的吸烟状况以及孩子的吸烟状况均有记录。每个亲密朋友吸烟促使孩子每日吸烟的概率为9%（95%置信区间=6%-12%），每位父母吸烟促使孩子每日吸烟的概率为11%（95%置信区间=9%-14%），每位哥哥姐姐吸烟促使孩子每日吸烟的概率为7%（95%置信区间=1%-13%）。这些结果表明，亲密朋友、父母和兄弟姐妹吸烟对儿童吸烟的影响同样重要。以家庭为重点的干预措施可能是预防研究未来一个有价值的方向。
