Rose Louise, Ed Adult
RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
AACN Adv Crit Care. 2006 Apr-Jun;17(2):145-58; quiz 159-160.
Mechanical ventilation is one of the most commonly applied interventions in intensive care units. Despite its life-saving role, mechanical ventilation is associated with additional risks to the patient and additional healthcare costs if not applied appropriately. To decrease risk, new ventilator modes continue to be developed with the goal of improving patient outcomes. Advances in ventilator modes include dual control modes that enable guaranteed tidal volume and inspiratory pressure, pressure-style modes that permit spontaneous breathing at high- and low-pressure levels, and closed-loop systems that facilitate ventilator manipulation of variables based on measured respiratory parameters. Clinicians need to develop a thorough understanding of these modes including their effects on underlying respiratory physiology to be able to deliver safe and appropriate patient care.
机械通气是重症监护病房中最常用的干预措施之一。尽管其具有挽救生命的作用，但如果应用不当，机械通气会给患者带来额外风险并增加医疗成本。为降低风险，新的通气模式不断被研发出来，目标是改善患者预后。通气模式的进展包括能保证潮气量和吸气压力的双重控制模式、允许在高低压力水平下自主呼吸的压力式模式以及基于测量的呼吸参数促进通气机对变量进行操控的闭环系统。临床医生需要深入了解这些模式，包括它们对基础呼吸生理学的影响，以便能够提供安全、恰当的患者护理。
