Piraino B
Renal Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2006 Jun;58(2):161-9.
Peritonitis is still a serious problem in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and is associated with mortality. To improve outcomes in PD patients, attention must be focused on preventing peritonitis. This involves attention to training, connection methodologies, PD catheter insertion protocols. To prevent catheter-related peritonitis, the use of gentamicin cream at the exit site for daily routine care is recommended. Other causes of peritonitis include bowel sources, fungal overgrowth often related to prolonged antibiotic care, and peritonitis secondary to procedures. Relapsing peritonitis and refractory exit site infections should be managed by replacing the catheter. Every PD program needs to closely examine every episode to determine the cause, and then undertake an approach to prevent further episodes.
腹膜炎仍是腹膜透析（PD）患者面临的一个严重问题，且与死亡率相关。为改善PD患者的治疗效果，必须将注意力集中在预防腹膜炎上。这包括关注培训、连接方法、PD导管插入规程。为预防导管相关腹膜炎，建议在出口处使用庆大霉素乳膏进行日常护理。腹膜炎的其他原因包括肠道来源、通常与长期使用抗生素有关的真菌过度生长以及手术继发的腹膜炎。复发性腹膜炎和难治性出口部位感染应通过更换导管来处理。每个PD项目都需要仔细检查每一次发作以确定病因，然后采取措施预防进一步发作。
