Brewster Ursula C
Section of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
Conn Med. 2006 Apr;70(4):229-37.
Occupational and environmental exposures contribute to the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) With the current epidemic of chronic kidney disease, internists should be aware of the role of occupational and environmental exposures contributing to CKD, the mechanism of injury, and the best approaches to diagnosis and treatment. A thorough occupational history is a critical part of any evaluation of kidney disease when doing a history and physical. This article will review which occupations and environmental factors put patients at risk, and discuss management strategies.
职业和环境暴露会促使慢性肾脏病（CKD）的发生和发展。鉴于当前慢性肾脏病的流行情况，内科医生应了解职业和环境暴露在CKD发生中的作用、损伤机制以及最佳诊断和治疗方法。在进行病史采集和体格检查时，详尽的职业史是评估任何肾脏疾病的关键部分。本文将回顾哪些职业和环境因素会使患者面临风险，并讨论管理策略。
