Arias Carlos, Chotro M Gabriela
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del País Vasco, San Sebastian, Spain.
Behav Neurosci. 2006 Jun;120(3):710-8. doi: 10.1037/0735-7044.120.3.710.
The reinforcing value of a relatively high ethanol dose (3 g/kg) administered intragastrically was investigated in preweanling rats. Ethanol intoxication on Postnatal Days 7-8 increased ethanol intake and enhanced the drug's palatability when tested 3 days later. In contrast, intoxication on Days 10-11 decreased ethanol intake and increased aversive responses to the drug. When reducing the delay between intoxication and test to 24 hr, the taste aversion was enhanced, whereas the preference was unaffected. Results suggest an ontogenetic change in pups' perception of the reinforcing value of ethanol that coincides with the end of a sensitive period for learning preferences in rats younger than 9 days old (T. L. Roth & R. M. Sullivan, 2003; R. M. Sullivan, M. Landers, B. Yeaman, & D. A. Wilson, 2000).
研究人员对断奶前大鼠经胃内给予相对高剂量乙醇（3克/千克）的强化值进行了研究。出生后第7 - 8天的乙醇中毒会增加乙醇摄入量，并在3天后测试时提高该药物的适口性。相比之下，第10 - 11天的中毒会减少乙醇摄入量，并增加对该药物的厌恶反应。当将中毒与测试之间的延迟缩短至24小时时，味觉厌恶增强，而偏好不受影响。结果表明，幼崽对乙醇强化值的感知存在个体发育变化，这与9日龄以下大鼠学习偏好的敏感期结束相吻合（T. L. 罗斯和R. M. 沙利文，2003年；R. M. 沙利文、M. 兰德斯、B. 耶曼和D. A. 威尔逊，2000年）。
