Heslin Kevin C, Casey Richard, Shaheen Magda A, Cardenas Fernando, Baker Richard S
Research Centers in Minority Institutions, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Lynwood, CA 90262, USA.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2006 Jun;124(6):895-902. doi: 10.1001/archopht.124.6.895.
To examine racial and ethnic differences in unmet need for vision care among children with special health care needs.
Cross-sectional data from the National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs were analyzed. The analytic sample was 14,070 children with special health care needs who needed eyeglasses or vision care in the previous year. Children who did not receive all the eyeglasses or vision care they needed were considered to have unmet need for vision care.
Of the sample, 5.8%, representing approximately 198,600 children with special health care needs in the United States, had unmet need for vision care. Rates of unmet need ranged from 2.5% to 14.3% across the 7 racial and ethnic groups studied. Relative to whites, children of African American, Latino, and multiracial backgrounds had approximately twice the adjusted risk of unmet need, whereas American Indian or Alaskan Native children had a lower adjusted risk. Health care providers, school personnel, insurance coverage, and other factors also contributed to differences in the risk of unmet need, independently of child race/ethnicity.
Further research is needed to explain and address the causes of racial and ethnic differences in unmet need for vision care among children with special health care needs.
研究有特殊医疗需求儿童在视力保健未满足需求方面的种族和族裔差异。
对全国有特殊医疗需求儿童调查的横断面数据进行分析。分析样本为前一年需要眼镜或视力保健的14070名有特殊医疗需求儿童。未获得所需全部眼镜或视力保健的儿童被视为存在视力保健未满足需求。
在该样本中，5.8%（约代表美国198600名有特殊医疗需求儿童）存在视力保健未满足需求。在所研究的7个种族和族裔群体中，未满足需求率在2.5%至14.3%之间。相对于白人，非裔美国、拉丁裔和多种族背景儿童的未满足需求调整风险约为白人的两倍，而美国印第安或阿拉斯加原住民儿童的调整风险较低。医疗保健提供者、学校工作人员、保险覆盖范围及其他因素也导致了未满足需求风险的差异，且与儿童种族/族裔无关。
需要进一步研究来解释和解决有特殊医疗需求儿童在视力保健未满足需求方面的种族和族裔差异原因。
