Patel Anand K, Chapple Christopher R
Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK.
Curr Opin Urol. 2006 Jul;16(4):248-54. doi: 10.1097/01.mou.0000232045.80180.2f.
The purpose of this review is to summarize the presentation, investigation and management of female urethral diverticulum, a condition often overlooked and frequently misdiagnosed. Hopefully, greater awareness will lead to more timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Recently there has been considerable emphasis on correctly identifying this condition. Newer imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging are now widely available and urethral diverticula that previously were unrecognized, such as noncommunicating diverticula, can now be more easily detected. The character of the diverticula can be accurately determined with appropriate imaging and this can lead to improved preoperative planning.
Traditional contrast studies are now being superseded by advanced cross-sectional imaging such as magnetic resonance imaging and even virtual computed tomography urethroscopy. These provide much greater tissue definition; however, very few studies directly compare the myriad of contrast-based, ultrasonographic and cross-sectional investigations that are available. Therefore, although the condition is eminently treatable, there remains little standardization in the investigation of this condition. The greatest single improvement, however, in management would come from more widespread clinical awareness of the condition and its presentation.
本综述旨在总结女性尿道憩室的临床表现、检查及治疗，该病常被忽视且易误诊。希望提高认识能带来更及时的诊断和恰当的治疗。
近来相当重视正确识别此病。诸如磁共振成像等更新的成像方式现已广泛应用，以往未被识别的尿道憩室，如非交通性憩室，现在更容易被检测到。通过适当的成像可准确确定憩室的特征，这有助于改进术前规划。
传统的造影检查现正被诸如磁共振成像甚至虚拟计算机断层扫描尿道镜等先进的断层成像所取代。这些检查能提供更清晰的组织成像；然而，很少有研究直接比较现有的大量基于造影、超声及断层成像检查。因此，尽管该病完全可治，但在对此病的检查方面仍几乎没有标准化。不过，治疗方面最大的单项改进将来自对该病及其表现更广泛的临床认识。
