Mueller L D
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine 92717.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1991 Apr 29;332(1262):25-9; discussion 29-30. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1991.0029.
Density-dependent natural selection has been studied, empirically with laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Populations kept at very high and low population density have become differentiated with respect to important fitness-related traits. There is now some understanding of the behavioural and physiological basis of these differences. These studies have identified larval competitive ability and efficiency of food utilization as traits that are negatively correlated with respect to effects on fitness. Theory that illuminates and motivates additional research with this experimental system has been lacking. Current research has focused on models that incorporate many details of Drosophila ecology in laboratory environments.
密度依赖的自然选择已通过对黑腹果蝇实验室种群进行实证研究。保持在非常高和低种群密度下的种群在重要的与适应度相关的性状方面已经出现分化。现在对这些差异的行为和生理基础有了一些了解。这些研究已确定幼虫竞争能力和食物利用效率是对适应度影响呈负相关的性状。一直缺乏能够阐明并推动对该实验系统进行更多研究的理论。当前的研究集中在纳入实验室环境中果蝇生态学许多细节的模型上。
