Fuller Matthew A, Dostrow Victor, Gupta Sanjay, Gazda Thomas D
Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10000 Brecksville Road, Brecksville, OH 44141, USA.
Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2006 Jul;5(4):501-9. doi: 10.1517/14740338.5.4.501.
Carbamazepine (CBZ) has a long history of successful use in epilepsy and, therefore, has a safety profile that is well characterised. Additionally, an extended-release formulation of CBZ (CBZ-ERC; Equetro, Shire US) has recently been approved for use in bipolar disorder. The most frequent adverse events associated with CBZ are somnolence, fatigue, dizziness and headache. Rash and leukopoenia may occur in approximately 10% of patients, but are benign and transient in most cases. Rare serious adverse effects include agranulocytosis, aplastic anaemia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Although changes in lipid profiles have been noted, hyperglycaemia does not occur with CBZ, and clinically significant weight gain is uncommon. Proper monitoring and careful titration of the extended-release formulation should allow for successful use of CBZ in psychiatric patients.
卡马西平（CBZ）在癫痫治疗中有着长期成功应用的历史，因此，其安全性特征已得到充分了解。此外，卡马西平缓释制剂（CBZ-ERC；Equetro，美国夏尔公司）最近已被批准用于双相情感障碍。与卡马西平相关的最常见不良事件是嗜睡、疲劳、头晕和头痛。皮疹和白细胞减少症可能发生在约10%的患者中，但在大多数情况下是良性且短暂的。罕见的严重不良反应包括粒细胞缺乏症、再生障碍性贫血、史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征和中毒性表皮坏死松解症。虽然已注意到血脂谱的变化，但卡马西平不会导致高血糖，临床上显著的体重增加也不常见。对缓释制剂进行适当监测和仔细滴定应能使卡马西平在精神科患者中成功应用。
