水稻（Oryza sativa L.）、大豆（Glycine max (L.) Merr.）和玉米（Zea mays L.）对镉的植物提取作用

Phytoextraction of cadmium by rice (Oryza sativa L.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), and maize (Zea mays L.).

作者信息

Murakami M, Ae N, Ishikawa S

机构信息

Department of Environmental Chemistry, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.

出版信息

Environ Pollut. 2007 Jan;145(1):96-103. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.038. Epub 2006 Jun 15.

DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.038

PMID:16781805

Abstract

Selecting a phytoextraction plant with high Cd-accumulating ability based on the plant's compatibility with mechanized cultivation techniques may yield more immediately practical results than selection based on high tolerance to Cd. Rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare and Milyang 23), soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr., cv. Enrei and Suzuyutaka), and maize (Zea mays L., cv. Gold Dent) were grown on one Andosol and two Fluvisols with low concentration of Cd contamination ranging from 0.83 to 4.29 mg Cd kg(-1), during 60 days in pots (550 mL) placed in a greenhouse. Shoot Cd uptake was as follows: Gold Dent<Enrei and Nipponbare<Suzuyutaka and Milyang 23. Several soil Cd fractions after Milyang 23 harvesting decreased most. Milyang 23 accumulated 10-15% of the total soil Cd in its shoot. The Milyang 23 rice is thus promising for phytoextraction of Cd from paddy soils with low contamination level.

摘要

基于植物与机械化栽培技术的兼容性来选择具有高镉积累能力的植物进行植物提取，可能比基于对镉的高耐受性进行选择能更快产生实际效果。在温室中，将水稻（Oryza sativa L.，品种为日本晴和密阳23）、大豆（Glycine max [L.] Merr.，品种为荏原和铃丰）和玉米（Zea mays L.，品种为金牙）种植在一个火山灰土壤和两个镉污染浓度较低（0.83至4.29毫克镉/千克）的潮土上，在550毫升的花盆中培养60天。地上部镉吸收量如下：金牙<荏原和日本晴<铃丰和密阳23。密阳23收获后几种土壤镉组分下降最多。密阳23地上部积累了土壤总镉的10 - 15%。因此，密阳23水稻有望用于从低污染水平的稻田土壤中提取镉。