Salinas I C P, Conti C C, Rochedo E R R, Lopes R T
Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria, CNEN/IRD, Av. Salvador Allende s/no., PO Box 37750, 22780-160 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2006;121(4):420-4. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncl075. Epub 2006 Jun 17.
The housing features in a country depend much on its climate. Dwellings in warm countries are much lighter constructions than in cold ones, which will reflect on the amount of shielding against radiation they provide. In addition to that, wealth is another factor that influences the building's finishing. Great effort has been taken to determine parameters to more accurately estimate dose to a population in case of a radioactive or nuclear accident. Nevertheless, most available data are concerned with typical housing in cold climate countries. This study aims to determine shielding factors for typical building materials used in the southeast of Brazil, a warm area, due to radioactive material deposited on the surrounding field, walls and ceiling of the external surfaces. The shielding factors determination was performed by simulation with the MCNP5 Monte Carlo computer code. The air kerma indoors for the 300, 662 and 3000 keV photon energies have been determined for three different housing patterns, ranging from the very simple to a very complex structure. The shielding factor, defined as the ratio of the air kerma indoor to the air kerma in open field, for the most simple house type and 300 keV photon energy was found to be twice of the best finished one for the same energy.
一个国家的住房特点很大程度上取决于其气候。温暖国家的住宅建筑比寒冷国家的要轻得多，这会影响它们提供的辐射屏蔽量。除此之外，财富是影响建筑装修的另一个因素。人们已经付出巨大努力来确定参数，以便在发生放射性或核事故时更准确地估计人群所受剂量。然而，大多数现有数据涉及寒冷气候国家的典型住房。本研究旨在确定巴西东南部（一个温暖地区）用于典型建筑材料的屏蔽因子，这些材料用于外部表面的周围场地、墙壁和天花板上沉积的放射性物质。屏蔽因子的确定是通过使用MCNP5蒙特卡罗计算机代码进行模拟来完成的。对于三种不同的住房模式，从非常简单到非常复杂的结构，已经确定了300、662和3000 keV光子能量下室内的空气比释动能。对于最简单的房屋类型和300 keV光子能量，屏蔽因子（定义为室内空气比释动能与开阔场地空气比释动能之比）被发现是相同能量下装修最好的房屋的两倍。
