Gagné Jean-Pierre, Laplante-Lévesque Ariane, Labelle Maude, Doucet Katrine, Potvin Marie-Christine
Ecole d'orthophonie et d'audiologie, Université de Montréal, Succursale centre-ville, Québec, Canada.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2006 Jun;49(3):628-35. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2006/045).
A program designed to evaluate the benefits of an audiovisual-frequency modulated (FM) system led to some questions concerning the effects of illumination level and a talker's skin color on speech-reading performance. To address those issues, the speech of a Caucasian female was videotaped under 2 conditions: a light skin color condition and a dark skin color condition. For the latter condition, makeup was applied to the talker's face. For both skin color conditions, the talker was recorded while speaking sentences under 7 different levels of illumination: 2, 3, 4, 16, 60, 256, and 600 footcandles (fc). Fifteen participants completed the speech perception task in a visual-only modality. The results revealed a significant interaction of illumination level and skin color. For the light skin color condition, speech-reading performance improved systematically as the illumination level increased from 3 to 16 fc. For the dark skin color condition, no differences in speech-reading performance were observed between the 2-fc and the 3-fc conditions. However, a large improvement in speech-reading performance was observed as the illumination level increased from 4 fc to 16 fc. It is speculated that in addition to an overall effect of illumination level, the contrast in luminance at the level of the talker's face has an effect on speech-reading performance.
一项旨在评估视听调频（FM）系统益处的项目引发了一些关于光照水平和说话者肤色对唇读表现影响的问题。为解决这些问题，一名白人女性的讲话在两种条件下被录像：浅肤色条件和深肤色条件。对于后一种条件，在说话者脸上化了妆。对于这两种肤色条件，说话者在7种不同光照水平下朗读句子时被录制下来：2、3、4、16、60、256和600英尺烛光（fc）。15名参与者以仅视觉的方式完成了语音感知任务。结果显示光照水平和肤色之间存在显著的交互作用。对于浅肤色条件，随着光照水平从3 fc增加到16 fc，唇读表现系统性地提高。对于深肤色条件，在2 fc和3 fc条件下未观察到唇读表现的差异。然而，随着光照水平从4 fc增加到16 fc，观察到唇读表现有大幅提高。据推测，除了光照水平的总体影响外，说话者脸部水平的亮度对比度对唇读表现也有影响。
