Pereira-Pacheco F, Robledo D, Rodríguez-Carvajal L, Freile-Pelegrín Y
CINVESTAV-Unidad Mérida, A.P. 73 Cordemex, 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
Bioresour Technol. 2007 Apr;98(6):1278-84. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.05.016. Epub 2006 Jun 23.
Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine optimum extraction conditions for yield, gelling temperature, melting temperature and apparent viscosity of native agar from the red alga Hydropuntia cornea. Two independent variables were selected during extraction, temperature (80, 90 and 100 degrees C) and time (2, 3 and 4 h). The extraction procedure using 100 degrees C and 3 h produced the greatest yield (43.3%), the greatest gelling temperature (32 degrees C) and the greatest melting temperature (78 degrees C). The extraction using 65 degrees C and 4 h produced the optimum statistical apparent viscosity (80.73 cPs), though agar yield under these conditions had low quality for industrial purposes. Temperature and time do not affect melting temperature, but do play an important role in gelling temperature. From the independent variables studied, extraction temperature is most important in producing an increase in yield, and time is the only variable that contributes significantly to increasing viscosity. Most of the physicochemical properties found in the native agar from H. cornea extracted at 100 degrees C/3 h were similar to commercial samples. These findings suggest the feasibility of using this colloid in spreads and soft-texture food products.
采用响应面法（RSM）确定从红藻角膜麒麟菜中提取天然琼脂时，关于产量、胶凝温度、熔化温度和表观粘度的最佳提取条件。提取过程中选择了两个自变量，温度（80、90和100℃）和时间（2、3和4小时）。在100℃下提取3小时，产量最高（43.3%），胶凝温度最高（32℃），熔化温度最高（78℃）。在65℃下提取4小时，统计表观粘度最佳（80.73厘泊），不过在此条件下的琼脂产量对于工业用途而言质量较低。温度和时间不影响熔化温度，但对胶凝温度有重要影响。在所研究的自变量中，提取温度对提高产量最为重要，而时间是唯一对提高粘度有显著贡献的变量。在100℃/3小时提取的角膜麒麟菜天然琼脂中发现的大多数物理化学性质与市售样品相似。这些结果表明了在涂抹酱和质地柔软的食品中使用这种胶体的可行性。
