Mackersie Robert C
Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
Prehosp Emerg Care. 2006 Jul-Sep;10(3):287-94. doi: 10.1080/10903120600721636.
The use of trauma field triage criteria is designed to match a patient's injury type and severity to prioritized transport and an institution with the resources to provide timely, definitive care. Triage schemes used in austere environments created by war or mass casualty events are less applicable to day-to-day civilian trauma. Civilian triage criteria, developed and refined over the past 25 years, rely on physiologic, anatomic, and mechanistic indicators of severe injury in an attempt to optimize overtriage and undertriage. As organized trauma systems continue to mature, the need for more accurate direction of high- versus low-acuity patients to regional centers, stratified by their capabilities, becomes more apparent and is essential in avoiding a completely 'exclusive' trauma system. New technology utilizing vehicular telemetry and Web-based information systems may simplify the seemingly simple but often formidable task of creating destination decision rules for victims of major injury.
创伤现场分诊标准的使用旨在使患者的损伤类型和严重程度与优先转运以及具备提供及时、确定性治疗资源的机构相匹配。在战争或大规模伤亡事件造成的严峻环境中使用的分诊方案不太适用于日常的平民创伤。在过去25年中制定和完善的平民分诊标准依赖于严重损伤的生理、解剖和机制指标，以试图优化过度分诊和分诊不足的情况。随着有组织的创伤系统不断成熟，根据区域中心的能力将高 acuity 与低 acuity 患者更准确地导向区域中心的需求变得更加明显，这对于避免完全“排他性”的创伤系统至关重要。利用车辆遥测和基于网络的信息系统的新技术可能会简化为重伤受害者制定目的地决策规则这一看似简单但往往艰巨的任务。
