Richartz-Salzburger Elke, Mau-Holzmann Ulrike, Schott Klaus Joachim, Buchkremer Gerhard
Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Tübingen.
Psychiatr Prax. 2006 Jul;33(5):211-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-866996.
The progress in molecular genetic research leads to an increased availability of predictive diagnosis of inherited diseases. However, the prediction of an incurable illness is inevitably related with severe psychic conflicts. Based on the relevant literature, the psychological implications of predictive diagnostics are outlined, and counselling strategies for persons vulnerable for an inherited disease are summarized. In spite of numerous studies with persons at risk the prediction of the individual reaction remains rather difficult. Unconscious expectations play an essential, but underestimated role for the test motivation and coping strategies. Relieving the pressure of time supposed by most of the risk persons seems necessary to allow a deeper understanding of motivation and development of sound coping strategies. After disclosure of the test result, an ongoing counselling should be offered to all family members.
分子遗传学研究的进展使得遗传性疾病的预测性诊断更加可行。然而，对不治之症的预测不可避免地与严重的心理冲突相关。基于相关文献，概述了预测性诊断的心理影响，并总结了针对遗传性疾病易感人群的咨询策略。尽管对高危人群进行了大量研究，但预测个体反应仍然相当困难。无意识的期望对测试动机和应对策略起着至关重要但被低估的作用。减轻大多数高危人群所感受到的时间压力，似乎有必要，以便更深入地理解动机并制定合理的应对策略。在公布检测结果后，应为所有家庭成员提供持续的咨询服务。
