Balcombe J P
Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, 5100 Wisconsin Avenue, NW, Suite 400, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Lab Anim. 2006 Jul;40(3):217-35. doi: 10.1258/002367706777611488.
Laboratory housing conditions have significant physiological and psychological effects on rodents, raising both scientific and humane concerns. Published studies of rats, mice and other rodents were reviewed to document behavioural and psychological problems attributable to predominant laboratory housing conditions. Studies indicate that rats and mice value opportunities to take cover, build nests, explore, gain social contact, and exercise some control over their social milieu, and that the inability to satisfy these needs is physically and psychologically detrimental, leading to impaired brain development and behavioural anomalies (e.g. stereotypies). To the extent that space is a means to gain access to such resources, spatial confinement likely exacerbates these deficits. Adding environmental 'enrichments' to small cages reduces but does not eliminate these problems, and I argue that substantial changes in housing and husbandry conditions would be needed to further reduce them.
实验室饲养条件对啮齿动物具有显著的生理和心理影响，引发了科学和人道两方面的关注。对已发表的关于大鼠、小鼠及其他啮齿动物的研究进行了综述，以记录可归因于主要实验室饲养条件的行为和心理问题。研究表明，大鼠和小鼠重视寻找掩护、筑巢、探索、进行社交接触以及对其社交环境有一定控制权的机会，而无法满足这些需求会对其生理和心理造成损害，导致大脑发育受损和行为异常（如刻板行为）。由于空间是获取此类资源的一种方式，空间限制可能会加剧这些缺陷。在小笼子里添加环境“ enrichment ”可减少但不能消除这些问题，我认为需要对饲养和管理条件进行重大改变，以进一步减少这些问题。
