Leposavić Ljubica, Leposavić Ivana, Jasović-Gasić Miroslava, Milovanović Srdan, Nikolić-Balkoski Gordana
Institute for Psychiatry, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro.
Psychiatr Danub. 2006 Jun;18(1-2):30-8.
Currently available evidence reveals comparatively few studies of the psychological and social effects of acquired hearing impairment, in spite of the fact that clinicians have for a long time been aware of a connection between acquired hearing impairment and mental disorders. The existing data indicate that psychological disorders are significantly more frequent in a population with hearing impairment than in the average population and are accompanied by disharmony in interpersonal and social relations.
Establishing the presence and the type of mental disorders in patients with hearing impairment due to otosclerosis, before and 6 months after corrective surgery, as well as finding the role of adaptation style (personal adjustment) and facing strategy (communication strategies) as mediating variables between the acquired hearing impairment and observed psychical changes.
in 60 subjects, potential candidates for stapedectomy, MMPI-201 has been applied before and after surgery, in order to evaluate the mental state. For assessments of personal adjustment to the impairment and communication strategies, a communication personal profile has been applied preoperatively.
more psychiatric disorders are present in the preoperative group compared to the general population and the postoperative group. These disorders are of exclusively a neurotic nature; the most frequent are depressive, anxious depressive and anxious reactions. A connection was found between adaptation style and facing strategies whether in the presence or absence of psychological disorders.
the findings indicate a need for professional psychiatric-psychological support as a part of a rehabilitation program designed to reduce psychological difficulties, i.e. to help individuals to become adapted to the acoustic environment and to prevent or at least minimize the negative consequences of hearing impairment by efficient communication strategies.
尽管临床医生早就意识到后天性听力障碍与精神障碍之间存在联系，但目前可得的证据显示，关于后天性听力障碍的心理和社会影响的研究相对较少。现有数据表明，听力障碍人群中心理障碍的发生率明显高于普通人群，且伴有人际关系和社会关系的不协调。
确定耳硬化症所致听力障碍患者在矫正手术前及术后6个月时精神障碍的存在情况及类型，以及找出适应方式（个人调适）和应对策略（沟通策略）作为后天性听力障碍与观察到的心理变化之间的中介变量所起的作用。
对60名镫骨切除术的潜在候选对象，在手术前后应用明尼苏达多相人格调查表第二版（MMPI - 201）来评估精神状态。为评估对听力障碍的个人调适及沟通策略，术前应用了一份沟通个人概况表。
与普通人群及术后组相比，术前组存在更多的精神障碍。这些障碍完全是神经质性的；最常见的是抑郁、焦虑抑郁和焦虑反应。无论是否存在心理障碍，均发现适应方式与应对策略之间存在关联。
研究结果表明，作为康复计划的一部分，需要专业的精神心理支持，以减少心理困难，即帮助个体适应声学环境，并通过有效的沟通策略预防或至少尽量减少听力障碍的负面后果。
