Medina-Solís Carlo E, Maupomé Gerardo, Avila-Burgos Leticia, Hijar-Medina Martha, Segovia-Villanueva América, Pérez-Núñez Ricardo
Centre for Research in Health Systems, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
Pediatr Dent. 2006 May-Jun;28(3):285-92.
The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with dental health services utilization (DHSU) within a publicly funded oral health program for preschool children in Campeche, Mexico.
A cross-sectional study in 1,303 preschoolers (3 to 6 years old) enrolled in 10 public schools was conducted. The independent variables were: (1) sex; (2) age; (3) tooth-brushing frequency; (4) caries severity; (5) enamel defects; (6) mother's maximum education level; (7) mother's attitude toward oral health; (8) health services availability; and (9) family's socioeconomic status. The mothers completed a questionnaire, and their children were clinically examined. The DHSU (none vs any) in the previous 12 months was the dependent variable. Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression (BLR).
Average age was 4.3 +/- 0.8 years, and 52% of participants were boys. The prevalence of DHSU any was 31%. The variables associated with DHSU were: (1) moderate and high oral health needs; (2) access to private health services; and (3) older age. The authors' model supported an interaction between tooth-brushing frequency and the importance that the mother ascribed to her child's oral health.
A low prevalence of DHSU was observed. The source of health services and oral health needs determined DHSU in this population, with some attitudes and behaviours modifying utilization. These findings have implications for designing oral health care policies to improve the supply of services to children.
本研究旨在确定墨西哥坎佩切州一项针对学龄前儿童的公共资助口腔健康项目中，与牙科保健服务利用（DHSU）相关的因素。
对就读于10所公立学校的1303名学龄前儿童（3至6岁）进行了横断面研究。自变量包括：（1）性别；（2）年龄；（3）刷牙频率；（4）龋齿严重程度；（5）牙釉质缺陷；（6）母亲的最高教育水平；（7）母亲对口腔健康的态度；（8）卫生服务可及性；（9）家庭社会经济地位。母亲们填写了一份问卷，并对她们的孩子进行了临床检查。前12个月内的DHSU（未使用与使用）为因变量。数据采用二元逻辑回归（BLR）进行分析。
平均年龄为4.3±0.8岁，52%的参与者为男孩。使用过DHSU的患病率为31%。与DHSU相关的变量包括：（1）中度和高度口腔健康需求；（2）获得私人卫生服务；（3）年龄较大。作者的模型支持刷牙频率与母亲对孩子口腔健康重视程度之间的相互作用。
观察到DHSU的患病率较低。卫生服务来源和口腔健康需求决定了该人群的DHSU，一些态度和行为会影响其利用情况。这些发现对制定口腔保健政策以改善儿童服务供应具有启示意义。
