Pearse Damien D, Barakat David J
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, Lois Pope Life Center, 1095 NW 14th Terrace (R-48), Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2006 Jul;6(7):639-52. doi: 10.1517/14712598.6.7.639.
The implantation of exogenous cells or tissues has been a popular and successful strategy to overcome physical discontinuity and support axon growth in experimental models of spinal cord injury (SCI). Cellular therapies exhibit a multifarious potential for SCI restoration, providing not only a supportive substrate upon which axons can traverse the injury site, but also reducing progressive tissue damage and scarring, facilitating remyelination repair, and acting as a source for replacing and re-establishing lost neural tissue and its circuitry. The past two decades of research into cell therapies for SCI repair have seen the progressive evolution from whole tissue strategies, such as peripheral nerve grafts, to the use of specific, purified cell types from a diverse range of sources and, recently, to the employment of stem or neural precursor cell populations that have the potential to form a full complement of neural cell types. Although the progression of cell therapies from laboratory to clinical implementation has been slow, human SCI safety and efficacy trials involving several cell types within the US appear to be close at hand.
在脊髓损伤（SCI）实验模型中，植入外源性细胞或组织一直是一种常用且成功的策略，用于克服物理连续性中断并支持轴突生长。细胞疗法在SCI修复方面具有多种潜力，不仅能提供轴突穿越损伤部位的支持性基质，还能减少进行性组织损伤和瘢痕形成，促进髓鞘再生修复，并作为替代和重建丢失的神经组织及其回路的来源。过去二十年来，针对SCI修复的细胞疗法研究经历了从全组织策略（如周围神经移植）到使用来自多种来源的特定纯化细胞类型，以及最近使用有可能形成完整神经细胞类型的干细胞或神经前体细胞群体的逐步演变。尽管细胞疗法从实验室到临床应用的进展缓慢，但美国涉及多种细胞类型的人类SCI安全性和有效性试验似乎已近在咫尺。
