Fitzgerald Nurgül, Himmelgreen David, Damio Grace, Segura-Pérez Sofia, Peng Yu-Kuei, Pérez-Escamilla Rafael
Department of Family and Community Health Sciences, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States of America.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2006 May;19(5):306-13. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892006000500003.
To examine the associations of socioeconomic status and acculturation with obesity and lifestyle characteristics that may be risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease among low-income Puerto Rican women.
This cross-sectional study was conducted between 1998 and 1999 by interviewing a convenience sample of 200 low-income Puerto Rican female caretakers of young children in Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America. Various recruitment methods were used to ensure adequate representation of the target community. The associations of obesity (body mass index > or = 30.0) and lifestyle factors (physical activity, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, food intake) with socioeconomic status (education, employment, car ownership), acculturation, age, and marital status were examined with Spearman rho, chi-squared, and Mann-Whitney U tests and logistic regression analyses.
Mean age was 29 years. Obesity (40%), physical inactivity (47%), and cigarette smoking (32%) were common. Less acculturated participants were 57% less likely to smoke and 54% less likely to be obese than their more acculturated counterparts. Lower socioeconomic status (not finishing high school or not owning a car) was associated with a higher likelihood of obesity, but unemployed (vs. employed) women were less likely to be obese (P < 0.05). Women who did not own a car consumed meat, eggs and fish less often than those who owned a car. Smokers were more likely to have an unhealthy food intake pattern than nonsmokers.
The associations of acculturation and socioeconomic status with some lifestyle characteristics suggest the need for culturally appropriate programs to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors in this low-income community.
探讨社会经济地位和文化适应与肥胖以及可能是低收入波多黎各女性糖尿病和心血管疾病风险因素的生活方式特征之间的关联。
本横断面研究于1998年至1999年进行，通过对美国康涅狄格州哈特福德市200名低收入波多黎各幼儿女性照料者的便利样本进行访谈。采用了多种招募方法以确保目标社区有足够的代表性。使用Spearman秩相关、卡方检验、Mann-Whitney U检验和逻辑回归分析，研究肥胖（体重指数≥30.0）和生活方式因素（身体活动、吸烟、饮酒、食物摄入）与社会经济地位（教育程度、就业情况及汽车拥有情况）、文化适应、年龄和婚姻状况之间的关联。
平均年龄为29岁。肥胖（40%）、身体活动不足（47%）和吸烟（32%）情况较为常见。与文化适应程度较高的参与者相比，文化适应程度较低的参与者吸烟可能性低57%，肥胖可能性低54%。较低的社会经济地位（未完成高中学业或没有汽车）与肥胖可能性较高相关，但失业女性（与就业女性相比）肥胖可能性较低（P<0.05）。没有汽车的女性比有汽车的女性食用肉类、蛋类和鱼类的频率更低。吸烟者比不吸烟者更有可能有不健康的食物摄入模式。
文化适应和社会经济地位与某些生活方式特征之间的关联表明，需要制定适合文化背景的项目，以在这个低收入社区促进健康的生活方式行为。
