McBeath A J A, Snow M, Secombes C J, Ellis A E, Collet B
Fisheries Research Services, FRS Marine Laboratory, Victoria Road, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, Scotland, UK.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2007 Mar;22(3):230-41. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2006.05.004. Epub 2006 May 23.
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) and infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) are economically important pathogens of the salmonid aquaculture industry. Atlantic salmon were challenged by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) with either virus followed by time-course sampling. Cohabiting fish in the IPNV challenge were also sampled. Kidney tissue was analysed using a TaqMan real-time PCR assay to measure the expression of a range of host immune genes in relation to the endogenous control, elongation factor 1 alpha (ELF). Host genes measured included Mx, type I and type II interferon (IFN), gammaIFN induced protein (gammaIP), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Viral levels were also measured. In i.p. injected fish, both viruses greatly induced expression of Mx, gammaIP, type I and type II IFN by day 6 post-infection, however only ISAV caused substantial mortality. Some differences between the expression kinetics produced by both viruses were noted. Infection with ISAV increased IL-1beta expression following day 6, but no effect was seen in fish infected with IPNV. Neither virus induced TNF-alpha expression. This study confirms the presence of both type I and type II IFN responses and their induced genes in Atlantic salmon upon infection with an orthomyxovirus and a birnavirus.
传染性胰腺坏死病毒（IPNV）和传染性鲑鱼贫血病毒（ISAV）是鲑鱼养殖业中具有重要经济影响的病原体。通过腹腔注射（i.p.）用这两种病毒之一对大西洋鲑进行攻毒，随后进行时间进程采样。IPNV攻毒组中同居的鱼也进行了采样。使用TaqMan实时PCR测定法分析肾脏组织，以测量一系列宿主免疫基因相对于内参基因延伸因子1α（ELF）的表达。所测量的宿主基因包括Mx、I型和II型干扰素（IFN）、γ干扰素诱导蛋白（γIP）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）。还测量了病毒水平。在腹腔注射的鱼中，两种病毒在感染后第6天均极大地诱导了Mx、γIP、I型和II型IFN的表达，然而只有ISAV导致了大量死亡。注意到两种病毒产生的表达动力学存在一些差异。感染ISAV后第6天IL-1β表达增加，但在感染IPNV的鱼中未观察到影响。两种病毒均未诱导TNF-α表达。本研究证实了大西洋鲑感染正粘病毒和双RNA病毒后存在I型和II型IFN反应及其诱导的基因。
