Zuskin Eugenija, Piasek Martina, Piasek Gustav, Sarić Marko, Mustajbegović Jadranka, Susec Tanja
Lijec Vjesn. 2006 Mar-Apr;128(3-4):114-21.
By the Banal edict of 28 June 1903, while the country was part of the Austrian-Hungarian monarchy, women physicians in Croatia were granted permission to carry out medical practice. In the memory of that occasion a historical overview of the women's role in medical science and practice is presented. The evidence of women's medical skills dates back to 2500 BC in Ancient Egypt. The 11th and 12th centuries saw first women gain access to medical schools in Europe. Women doctors practiced mainly gynaecology, obstetrics, cosmetics, skin and eye diseases. It took another seven centuries for them to be treated as men's equals as far as medical training and permission to work were concerned. In the 18th and 19th centuries the number of female physicians greatly increased in Europe, USA, and Canada. In Croatia the first woman medical doctor was Milica Sviglin Cavov, who graduated from the Medical School in Zürich in 1893, but was not allowed to work in the home country. The first woman to practice medicine in Croatia was Karola Maier Milobar in 1906. The first woman to have graduated from the Medical School in Zagreb, capital of Croatia, following its opening in 1917, was Kornelija Sertic The paper concludes with a view of the present-day role of women in medical practice, education and science.
根据1903年6月28日的一项普通法令，当时该国是奥匈帝国君主制的一部分，克罗地亚的女医生被允许行医。为纪念这一事件，本文对女性在医学科学和实践中的作用进行了历史概述。女性的医疗技能证据可追溯到公元前2500年的古埃及。11世纪和12世纪，欧洲首次有女性进入医学院。女医生主要从事妇科、产科、美容、皮肤和眼科疾病的治疗。在医学培训和工作许可方面，她们又过了七个世纪才被视为与男性平等。在18世纪和19世纪，欧洲、美国和加拿大的女医生数量大幅增加。在克罗地亚，第一位女医生是米利卡·斯维格林·卡沃夫，她于1893年毕业于苏黎世医学院，但不被允许在祖国工作。1906年，卡罗拉·迈尔·米洛巴尔成为在克罗地亚行医的第一位女性。1917年克罗地亚首都萨格勒布医学院开办后，第一位从该医学院毕业的女性是科尔涅利娅·塞尔蒂奇。本文最后展望了女性在医学实践、教育和科学中的当今作用。
